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Tao Te Ching

The Essential Translation of the Ancient Chinese Book of the Tao (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)

Part of Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition

Author Lao Tzu
Translated by John Minford
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Penguin Adult HC/TR | Penguin Classics
On sale Nov 12, 2019 | 368 Pages | 978-0-14-313380-3
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  • About
  • Excerpt
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The original mindfulness book, in a landmark new translation by the award-winning translator of the I Ching and The Art of War

A Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition, with flaps and deckle-edged paper

The most translated book in the world after the Bible, the Tao Te Ching, or “Book of the Tao,” is a guide to cultivating a life of peace, serenity, and compassion. Through aphorisms and parable, it leads readers toward the Tao, or the “Way”: harmony with the life force of the universe. Traditionally attributed to Lao-tzu, a Chinese philosopher thought to have been a contemporary of Confucius, it is the essential text of Taoism, one of the three great religions of ancient China. As one of the world's great works of wisdom literature, it still has much to teach us today, offering a practical model based on modesty and self-restraint for living a balanced existence and for opening your mind, freeing your thoughts, and attaining enlightenment and self-awareness. With its emphasis on calm, simplicity, purity, and non-action, it provides a time-tested refuge from the busyness of modern life.

This new translation seeks to understand the Tao Te Ching as a guide to everyday living and encourages a slow, meditative reading experience. The Tao Te Ching's eighty-one brief chapters are accompanied by illuminating commentary, interpretation, poems, and testimonials by the likes of Margaret Mead, Ursula K. Le Guin, and Dr. Wayne W. Dyer. Specially commissioned calligraphy for more than two hundred Chinese characters illustrates the book's essential themes.

1
 
Gateway to All Marvels
 
The Tao that can be Told
 
Is not the True Tao;
 
Names that can be Named
 
Are not True Names.
 
The Origin of Heaven and Earth
 
Has no Name.
 
The Mother of the Myriad Things
 
Has a Name.
 
Free from Desire,
 
Contemplate the Inner Marvel;
 
With Desire,
 
Observe the Outer Radiance.
 
These issue from One Source,
 
But have different Names.
 
They are both a Mystery.
 
Mystery of Mysteries,
 
Gateway to All Marvels.
 
 
 
 
The River Master
 
The Tao that can be Told is the mundane Tao of the Art of Government, as opposed to the True Tao of Nature, of the So-of-Itself, of Long Life, of Self-Cultivation through Non-Action. This is the Deep Tao, which cannot be Told in Words, which cannot be Named. The Names that can be Named are such worldly things as Wealth, Pomp, Glory, Fame, and Rank.
 
The Ineffable Tao
 
Emulates the Wordless Infant,
 
It resembles
 
The Unhatched Egg,
 
The Bright Pearl within the Oyster,
 
The Beauteous Jade amongst Pebbles.
 
It cannot be Named.
 
The Taoist glows with Inner Light, but seems outwardly dull and foolish. The Tao itself has no Form, it can never be Named.
 
The Root of the Tao
 
Proceeds from Void,
 
From Non-Being,
 
It is the Origin,
 
The Source of Heaven and Earth,
 
Mother of the Myriad Things,
 
Nurturing All-under-Heaven,
 
As a Mother Nurtures her Children.
 
 
 
 
Magister Liu
 
The single word Tao is the very Core of this entire Classic, its lifeblood. Its Five Thousand Words speak of this Tao and of nothing else.
 
The Tao itself
 
Can never be
 
Seen.
 
We can but witness it
 
Inwardly,
 
Its Origin,
 
Mother of the Myriad Things.
 
The Tao itself can never be
 
Named,
 
It cannot be Told.
 
And yet we resort to Words, such as Origin, Mother, and Source.
 
Every Marvel
 
Contemplated,
 
Every Radiance
 
Observed,
 
Issues from this One Source.
 
They go by different Names,
 
But are part of the same
 
Greater Mystery,
 
The One Tao, the Origin, the Mother.
 
In freedom from Desire,
 
We look within
 
And Contemplate
 
The Inner Marvel,
 
Not with eyes
 
But inwardly
 
By the Light of Spirit.
 
We look outward
 
With the eyes of Desire,
 
And Observe
 
The Outer Radiance.
 
Desire itself, in its first Inklings, in the embryonic Springs of Thought, is born within the Heart-and-Mind. Outer Radiance is perceived through Desire, in the World, in the opening and closing of the Doors of Yin and Yang. This is the Named, the Visible, these are the Myriad Things. Thus, both with and without Desire, we draw near to the Mystery of Mysteries, to the Gateway that leads to all Marvels, to the Tao.
 
 
 
 
John Minford: The Tao and the Power says to its reader at the very outset, "Only through experience, only through living Life to the full, in both the Inner and Outer Worlds, can the True Nature of the Tao be Understood and communicated. Not through Words." Desire and the Life of the Senses are part of that experience. Through Desire we witness and enjoy the Beauty of the World, we Observe the Outer Radiance of the Tao. We live Life, we bask in its Radiance. Taoists do not deny the Senses. But Contemplation, the Light of Deep Calm, of meditative experience, goes further. It reveals the Inner Marvel, the Mystery of Mysteries. Outer Radiance and Inner Marvel issue from one and the same Source, which is the Tao. This twofold path is one of the central themes in Magister Liu's commentary, one to which he returns again and again, exhorting the Taoist Aspirant to begin from Observation of the Outer Radiance, and to proceed through Contemplation of the Inner Marvel to a deeper level of Self-Cultivation, to a deeper Attainment of the Tao. "It is Contemplation that gives spiritual significance to objects of sense."
 
The Book of Taoist Master Zhuang: The Great Tao cannot be Told. The Great Discussion lies beyond Words . . . Where can I find someone who Understands this Discussion beyond Words, who Understands the Tao that can never be Told? This True Understanding of the Tao is a Reservoir of Heaven-and-Nature. Pour into it and it is never full. Pour from it and it is never exhausted. It is impossible to know whence it comes. It is Inner Light.
 
Arthur Waley: Not only are Books the mere discarded husk or shell of wisdom, but Words themselves, expressing as they do only such things as belong to the normal state of consciousness, are irrelevant to the deeper experience of the Tao, the "wordless doctrine."
 
Jan Duyvendak: The ordinary, mundane Tao (the one that can be easily Told, or talked about) is unchanging, static, and permanent. The True Tao is Elusive and Ineffable, is in its very Essence Perpetual Change. In the Tao, nothing whatsoever is fixed and unchanging. This is the first great paradox of this Classic, the ever-shifting Cycle of Change, of Being and Non-Being, in which Life and Death constantly yield to and alternate with each other.
 
Richard Wilhelm: In the Taoist Heart-and-Mind, Psyche and Cosmos are related to each other like the Inner and Outer Worlds.
 
JM: A Tao that could be Told might be any one of the Prescriptions for Living and Ruling that were being proposed in the ferment of the Chinese Warring States period (475-221 BC). All of them would have been called a Tao, a Way, a Recipe for Life. One such Tao, for example, was contained in the little book from that period known as The Art of War (Sunzi bingfa), whose "author," Sun-tzu (Sunzi), is every bit as lost in the mists of legend as Lao-tzu (Laozi). The Deep Tao, the True Way, and the inexhaustible Inner Power or Strength that flows from the experience of the Tao, are the subjects of this whole Five Thousand Word text. But they are beyond Telling. Words and Names are nothing more than disjointed bits and pieces; they fragment the whole, the One Tao. The paradoxical Mystery of Mysteries is that the Taoist fuses Being on the one hand (the Radiance, Magnificence, and Beauty of the Outer World, as perceived through the Senses, through Desire), and Non-Being on the other (the Dark Intangible Marvel and Mystery of the Inner World). This fusion, this Gateway to Marvels, does not lend itself to any simplistic Name or Label. Names were the preoccupation of more worldly schools of thought, especially the Confucians, for whom Names needed to correspond precisely to Things. As with so much of this short and densely ambiguous Classic, the Chinese word used here for Name, ming, has more than one meaning. It also means Fame, Renown, or Reputation (it is after all by being Famous that one acquires a "Name" for oneself). Taoists care nothing for Fame. They hide their Light. They are incognito. And yet, despite these protestations about the vanity of Words and Names, and the powerlessness of Words to describe the True Nature of the Tao, despite the futility of even attempting to define or dissect the Tao, paradoxically, The Tao and the Power itself is written in an intensely poetic language (sometimes mesmerizingly and bafflingly so), which edges imperceptibly toward the Wordless Truth, it is an inaudible Song with neither Words nor Music, it sings the Silence that is the Tao. The Tao needs to be experienced, not talked about. This Classic and its countless Commentaries do talk, they propose all manner of Images (see the Taoist Florilegium appended at the end of my translation for a selection of these). But these are merely pointers toward the Tao, toward the gnosis of Taoist experience, parts of a hermetic vocabulary for initiates. In that sense these Names are No-Names.
 
Arthur Waley, whose translation from the 1930s remains one of the best, gives us a pithy summary of this first Chapter and of the whole book. "In dispassionate Vision the Taoist sees a world consisting of the things for which language has no Name. We can call it the Sameness or the Mystery. These Names are however merely stopgaps. For what we are trying to express is Darker than any Mystery."
 
 
 
The Tang dynasty poet Bo Juyi (772-846) jested:
 
Those who speak
 
Know nothing;
 
Those who Know
 
Are silent.
 
Those Words, I'm told,
 
Were uttered
 
By Lao-tzu.
 
If we're to believe
 
That he himself
 
Was someone who Knew,
 
Why did he end up
 
Writing a Book
 
Of Five Thousand Words?
 
2
 
A Wordless Teaching
 
That which All-under-Heaven
 
Considers
 
Beautiful
 
May also be considered
 
Ugly;
 
That which All-under-Heaven
 
Considers
 
Good
 
May also be considered
 
Not-Good.
 
Being and Non-Being
 
Engender one another.
 
Hard and Easy
 
Complete each other.
 
Long and Short
 
Generate each other.
 
High and Low
 
Complement each other.
 
Melody and Harmony
 
Resonate with each other.
 
Fore and Aft
 
Follow one another.
 
These are Constant Truths.
 
The Taoist dwells in
 
Non-Action,
 
Practices
 
A Wordless Teaching.
 
The Myriad Things arise,
 
And none are rejected.
 
The Tao gives Birth
 
But never Possesses.
 
The Taoist Acts
 
Without Attachment,
 
Achieves
 
Without dwelling
 
On Achievement,
 
And so never loses.
 
 
 
 
The River Master
 
The Taoist rules through Non-Action, through the Tao. The Taoist guides through Wordless Teaching, by example. The Primal Breath-Energy of the Tao gives Life to the Myriad Things, but never Possesses them.
 
The Tao seeks
 
No recompense.
 
The Taoist,
 
Having Achieved,
 
Retires to Seclusion
 
And never dwells on
 
Achievement.
 
 
 
 
Magister Liu
 
Non-Action and Wordlessness are the Core of this Chapter, Freedom from so-called Knowledge. Whosoever goes beyond False Knowledge is freed from "opposites" such as Beautiful and Ugly, High and Low. From this Higher Knowledge flows a Life without Possession or Attachment. The Heart-and-Mind of Opposition (such as that between Beautiful and Ugly) brings a Diminution of Life-Essence, a loss of Spirit, a confusion of Emotion. All of these damage Life. The Taoist abides in Non-Action. Freed from all such distinctions, which melt away in the Taoist Heart-and-Mind, the Taoist Returns to Non-Action, to the Wordlessness that leaves no trace.
 
White is contained
 
Within Black,
 
Light shines
 
In an Empty Room.
 
This is the Taoist Vision.
 
The Taoist finds Joy
 
In unalloyed
 
Serenity and Calm.
 
 
 
 
The Book of Taoist Master Zhuang: Every That is also a This, every This is also a That. A thing may not be visible as That, it may be perceived as This. This and That produce each other. Where there is Birth there is Death. Where there is Death there is Birth. Affirmation creates Denial, Denial creates Affirmation. Right creates Wrong, Wrong creates Right. The Taoist's This is also a That, the Taoist's That is also a This.
 
Waley: The first great principle of Taoism is the relativity of all attributes. Nothing in itself is either long or short. If we call a thing long, we merely mean longer than something else that we take as a standard. What we take as our standard depends on what we are used to . . . All antinomies, not merely high and low, long and short, but Life and Death themselves, merge in the Taoist identity of opposites. The type of the Sage who in true Taoist manner "disappeared" after Achieving Victory is Fan Li (fifth century BC) who, although offered half the kingdom if he would return in triumph with the victorious armies of Yue, "stepped into a light boat and was heard of no more."
 
 
 
The poet Su Dongpo (1037-1101):
 
Truest words
 
Cannot be spoken.
 
Truest sound
 
Cannot be heard.
 
The tides of the Ocean
 
Reach beyond the Mountains,
 
The subtlest echoes
 
Are deep in the clouds.
 
3
 
Non-Action
 
Not to Honor the Worthy
 
Puts an end to Contending
 
Among the folk.
 
Not to Prize Rare Goods
 
Puts an end to Theft
 
Among the folk.
 
Not to Display Objects of Desire
 
Removes Chaos
 
From the Heart-and-Mind
 
Of the folk.
 
The Taoist rules by
 
Emptying Heart-and-Mind
 
And Filling Belly,
 
By softening the Will to Achieve,
 
And strengthening Bones.
 
The Taoist frees the folk
 
From False Knowledge and Desire.
 
Those with False Knowledge
 
No longer dare to Act.
 
The Taoist Accomplishes
 
Through Non-Action,
 
And all is well Ruled.
 
 
 
 
The River Master
 
The Worthy are those who have Achieved High Rank, and have as a consequence become estranged from the Tao, by involving themselves in worldly affairs. If however they are not publicly rewarded, if they do not receive Honor and Riches, then ordinary folk are not driven by ambition to emulate them and strive for Fame and Glory. Instead they can Return to the Calm of their True Nature. If Rare Goods are not prized in public, then ordinary folk will not be driven by Greed to Acquire them. If the Ruler returns gold to the mountains, casts pearls and precious pieces of jade back into the waters of the Abyss, if the Ruler is pure and uncorrupted, then the common folk will not feel Greed. The Taoist Rules the Nation as if it were Self, emptying Heart-and-Mind of Desire, and the folk Eschew Chaos and Confusion. The Taoist Fills Belly with the Tao, with the One. The Human Heart-and-Mind grows Supple and Soft. The folk no longer Contend.
 
The Marrow grows full,
 
The Bones firm.
 
Free from False Knowledge
 
And Desire,
 
The folk Return
 
To Calm,
 
To Simplicity and Purity.
 
They find Peace
 
In Non-Action,
 
In the Rhythms of Nature.
 
 
 
 
Magister Liu
 
Once False Knowledge and Desire have been extinguished, once the Worthy are no longer honored and Rare Goods are no longer prized, then there is no Contending, no Theft, but instead there is Order, a full Belly, and firm Bones. When the Multitude see such things as Fame and Wealth lying beyond their grasp, they will strive to Acquire them. When rare and highly prized Objects of Desire are put on show, they will steal in order to lay their hands on them.
 
The Heart-and-Mind,
 
Free of Desire,
 
Turns inward
 
To True Knowledge,
 
To the Knowledge
 
That Knows without Knowing.
 
Then Action is Eschewed,
 
And all is Accomplished
 
Through Non-Action,
 
Through the Pure Breath-Energy
 
Of the Tao.
 
 
 
 
JM: Confucius advocated Honoring the Worthy. So did Master Mo (the "neglected rival of Confucius," advocate of Universal Love, ca. 470-ca. 391 BC). One whole section of the Book of Master Mo is entitled "Honoring the Worthy," and contrasts with this teaching of Lao-tzu:
 
This prevalence of poverty, scarcity, and chaos arises because Rulers have failed to Honor the Worthy and to employ the capable in their government. When the Worthy are numerous in the state, Order will be stable; when the Worthy are scarce, Order will be unstable. Therefore the task of the Ruler lies in multiplying the Worthy.
 
This conventional Honoring of the Worthy was a pillar of the Chinese meritocracy for centuries, and has lasted to the present day, with all of its concomitant ills-an obsession with social status, ambition, corruption, nepotism, and deadening conformity. The Taoist shuns all of this. In an important sense, Non-Action implies Anarchy.
 
 
 

Copyright © 2018 by Lao Tzu. All rights reserved. No part of this excerpt may be reproduced or reprinted without permission in writing from the publisher.
Lao Tzu, whose name means "Old Master," was a contemporary of Confucius in the sixth century B.C.E. and the founder of the philosophical tradition of Taoism. View titles by Lao Tzu

About

The original mindfulness book, in a landmark new translation by the award-winning translator of the I Ching and The Art of War

A Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition, with flaps and deckle-edged paper

The most translated book in the world after the Bible, the Tao Te Ching, or “Book of the Tao,” is a guide to cultivating a life of peace, serenity, and compassion. Through aphorisms and parable, it leads readers toward the Tao, or the “Way”: harmony with the life force of the universe. Traditionally attributed to Lao-tzu, a Chinese philosopher thought to have been a contemporary of Confucius, it is the essential text of Taoism, one of the three great religions of ancient China. As one of the world's great works of wisdom literature, it still has much to teach us today, offering a practical model based on modesty and self-restraint for living a balanced existence and for opening your mind, freeing your thoughts, and attaining enlightenment and self-awareness. With its emphasis on calm, simplicity, purity, and non-action, it provides a time-tested refuge from the busyness of modern life.

This new translation seeks to understand the Tao Te Ching as a guide to everyday living and encourages a slow, meditative reading experience. The Tao Te Ching's eighty-one brief chapters are accompanied by illuminating commentary, interpretation, poems, and testimonials by the likes of Margaret Mead, Ursula K. Le Guin, and Dr. Wayne W. Dyer. Specially commissioned calligraphy for more than two hundred Chinese characters illustrates the book's essential themes.

Excerpt

1
 
Gateway to All Marvels
 
The Tao that can be Told
 
Is not the True Tao;
 
Names that can be Named
 
Are not True Names.
 
The Origin of Heaven and Earth
 
Has no Name.
 
The Mother of the Myriad Things
 
Has a Name.
 
Free from Desire,
 
Contemplate the Inner Marvel;
 
With Desire,
 
Observe the Outer Radiance.
 
These issue from One Source,
 
But have different Names.
 
They are both a Mystery.
 
Mystery of Mysteries,
 
Gateway to All Marvels.
 
 
 
 
The River Master
 
The Tao that can be Told is the mundane Tao of the Art of Government, as opposed to the True Tao of Nature, of the So-of-Itself, of Long Life, of Self-Cultivation through Non-Action. This is the Deep Tao, which cannot be Told in Words, which cannot be Named. The Names that can be Named are such worldly things as Wealth, Pomp, Glory, Fame, and Rank.
 
The Ineffable Tao
 
Emulates the Wordless Infant,
 
It resembles
 
The Unhatched Egg,
 
The Bright Pearl within the Oyster,
 
The Beauteous Jade amongst Pebbles.
 
It cannot be Named.
 
The Taoist glows with Inner Light, but seems outwardly dull and foolish. The Tao itself has no Form, it can never be Named.
 
The Root of the Tao
 
Proceeds from Void,
 
From Non-Being,
 
It is the Origin,
 
The Source of Heaven and Earth,
 
Mother of the Myriad Things,
 
Nurturing All-under-Heaven,
 
As a Mother Nurtures her Children.
 
 
 
 
Magister Liu
 
The single word Tao is the very Core of this entire Classic, its lifeblood. Its Five Thousand Words speak of this Tao and of nothing else.
 
The Tao itself
 
Can never be
 
Seen.
 
We can but witness it
 
Inwardly,
 
Its Origin,
 
Mother of the Myriad Things.
 
The Tao itself can never be
 
Named,
 
It cannot be Told.
 
And yet we resort to Words, such as Origin, Mother, and Source.
 
Every Marvel
 
Contemplated,
 
Every Radiance
 
Observed,
 
Issues from this One Source.
 
They go by different Names,
 
But are part of the same
 
Greater Mystery,
 
The One Tao, the Origin, the Mother.
 
In freedom from Desire,
 
We look within
 
And Contemplate
 
The Inner Marvel,
 
Not with eyes
 
But inwardly
 
By the Light of Spirit.
 
We look outward
 
With the eyes of Desire,
 
And Observe
 
The Outer Radiance.
 
Desire itself, in its first Inklings, in the embryonic Springs of Thought, is born within the Heart-and-Mind. Outer Radiance is perceived through Desire, in the World, in the opening and closing of the Doors of Yin and Yang. This is the Named, the Visible, these are the Myriad Things. Thus, both with and without Desire, we draw near to the Mystery of Mysteries, to the Gateway that leads to all Marvels, to the Tao.
 
 
 
 
John Minford: The Tao and the Power says to its reader at the very outset, "Only through experience, only through living Life to the full, in both the Inner and Outer Worlds, can the True Nature of the Tao be Understood and communicated. Not through Words." Desire and the Life of the Senses are part of that experience. Through Desire we witness and enjoy the Beauty of the World, we Observe the Outer Radiance of the Tao. We live Life, we bask in its Radiance. Taoists do not deny the Senses. But Contemplation, the Light of Deep Calm, of meditative experience, goes further. It reveals the Inner Marvel, the Mystery of Mysteries. Outer Radiance and Inner Marvel issue from one and the same Source, which is the Tao. This twofold path is one of the central themes in Magister Liu's commentary, one to which he returns again and again, exhorting the Taoist Aspirant to begin from Observation of the Outer Radiance, and to proceed through Contemplation of the Inner Marvel to a deeper level of Self-Cultivation, to a deeper Attainment of the Tao. "It is Contemplation that gives spiritual significance to objects of sense."
 
The Book of Taoist Master Zhuang: The Great Tao cannot be Told. The Great Discussion lies beyond Words . . . Where can I find someone who Understands this Discussion beyond Words, who Understands the Tao that can never be Told? This True Understanding of the Tao is a Reservoir of Heaven-and-Nature. Pour into it and it is never full. Pour from it and it is never exhausted. It is impossible to know whence it comes. It is Inner Light.
 
Arthur Waley: Not only are Books the mere discarded husk or shell of wisdom, but Words themselves, expressing as they do only such things as belong to the normal state of consciousness, are irrelevant to the deeper experience of the Tao, the "wordless doctrine."
 
Jan Duyvendak: The ordinary, mundane Tao (the one that can be easily Told, or talked about) is unchanging, static, and permanent. The True Tao is Elusive and Ineffable, is in its very Essence Perpetual Change. In the Tao, nothing whatsoever is fixed and unchanging. This is the first great paradox of this Classic, the ever-shifting Cycle of Change, of Being and Non-Being, in which Life and Death constantly yield to and alternate with each other.
 
Richard Wilhelm: In the Taoist Heart-and-Mind, Psyche and Cosmos are related to each other like the Inner and Outer Worlds.
 
JM: A Tao that could be Told might be any one of the Prescriptions for Living and Ruling that were being proposed in the ferment of the Chinese Warring States period (475-221 BC). All of them would have been called a Tao, a Way, a Recipe for Life. One such Tao, for example, was contained in the little book from that period known as The Art of War (Sunzi bingfa), whose "author," Sun-tzu (Sunzi), is every bit as lost in the mists of legend as Lao-tzu (Laozi). The Deep Tao, the True Way, and the inexhaustible Inner Power or Strength that flows from the experience of the Tao, are the subjects of this whole Five Thousand Word text. But they are beyond Telling. Words and Names are nothing more than disjointed bits and pieces; they fragment the whole, the One Tao. The paradoxical Mystery of Mysteries is that the Taoist fuses Being on the one hand (the Radiance, Magnificence, and Beauty of the Outer World, as perceived through the Senses, through Desire), and Non-Being on the other (the Dark Intangible Marvel and Mystery of the Inner World). This fusion, this Gateway to Marvels, does not lend itself to any simplistic Name or Label. Names were the preoccupation of more worldly schools of thought, especially the Confucians, for whom Names needed to correspond precisely to Things. As with so much of this short and densely ambiguous Classic, the Chinese word used here for Name, ming, has more than one meaning. It also means Fame, Renown, or Reputation (it is after all by being Famous that one acquires a "Name" for oneself). Taoists care nothing for Fame. They hide their Light. They are incognito. And yet, despite these protestations about the vanity of Words and Names, and the powerlessness of Words to describe the True Nature of the Tao, despite the futility of even attempting to define or dissect the Tao, paradoxically, The Tao and the Power itself is written in an intensely poetic language (sometimes mesmerizingly and bafflingly so), which edges imperceptibly toward the Wordless Truth, it is an inaudible Song with neither Words nor Music, it sings the Silence that is the Tao. The Tao needs to be experienced, not talked about. This Classic and its countless Commentaries do talk, they propose all manner of Images (see the Taoist Florilegium appended at the end of my translation for a selection of these). But these are merely pointers toward the Tao, toward the gnosis of Taoist experience, parts of a hermetic vocabulary for initiates. In that sense these Names are No-Names.
 
Arthur Waley, whose translation from the 1930s remains one of the best, gives us a pithy summary of this first Chapter and of the whole book. "In dispassionate Vision the Taoist sees a world consisting of the things for which language has no Name. We can call it the Sameness or the Mystery. These Names are however merely stopgaps. For what we are trying to express is Darker than any Mystery."
 
 
 
The Tang dynasty poet Bo Juyi (772-846) jested:
 
Those who speak
 
Know nothing;
 
Those who Know
 
Are silent.
 
Those Words, I'm told,
 
Were uttered
 
By Lao-tzu.
 
If we're to believe
 
That he himself
 
Was someone who Knew,
 
Why did he end up
 
Writing a Book
 
Of Five Thousand Words?
 
2
 
A Wordless Teaching
 
That which All-under-Heaven
 
Considers
 
Beautiful
 
May also be considered
 
Ugly;
 
That which All-under-Heaven
 
Considers
 
Good
 
May also be considered
 
Not-Good.
 
Being and Non-Being
 
Engender one another.
 
Hard and Easy
 
Complete each other.
 
Long and Short
 
Generate each other.
 
High and Low
 
Complement each other.
 
Melody and Harmony
 
Resonate with each other.
 
Fore and Aft
 
Follow one another.
 
These are Constant Truths.
 
The Taoist dwells in
 
Non-Action,
 
Practices
 
A Wordless Teaching.
 
The Myriad Things arise,
 
And none are rejected.
 
The Tao gives Birth
 
But never Possesses.
 
The Taoist Acts
 
Without Attachment,
 
Achieves
 
Without dwelling
 
On Achievement,
 
And so never loses.
 
 
 
 
The River Master
 
The Taoist rules through Non-Action, through the Tao. The Taoist guides through Wordless Teaching, by example. The Primal Breath-Energy of the Tao gives Life to the Myriad Things, but never Possesses them.
 
The Tao seeks
 
No recompense.
 
The Taoist,
 
Having Achieved,
 
Retires to Seclusion
 
And never dwells on
 
Achievement.
 
 
 
 
Magister Liu
 
Non-Action and Wordlessness are the Core of this Chapter, Freedom from so-called Knowledge. Whosoever goes beyond False Knowledge is freed from "opposites" such as Beautiful and Ugly, High and Low. From this Higher Knowledge flows a Life without Possession or Attachment. The Heart-and-Mind of Opposition (such as that between Beautiful and Ugly) brings a Diminution of Life-Essence, a loss of Spirit, a confusion of Emotion. All of these damage Life. The Taoist abides in Non-Action. Freed from all such distinctions, which melt away in the Taoist Heart-and-Mind, the Taoist Returns to Non-Action, to the Wordlessness that leaves no trace.
 
White is contained
 
Within Black,
 
Light shines
 
In an Empty Room.
 
This is the Taoist Vision.
 
The Taoist finds Joy
 
In unalloyed
 
Serenity and Calm.
 
 
 
 
The Book of Taoist Master Zhuang: Every That is also a This, every This is also a That. A thing may not be visible as That, it may be perceived as This. This and That produce each other. Where there is Birth there is Death. Where there is Death there is Birth. Affirmation creates Denial, Denial creates Affirmation. Right creates Wrong, Wrong creates Right. The Taoist's This is also a That, the Taoist's That is also a This.
 
Waley: The first great principle of Taoism is the relativity of all attributes. Nothing in itself is either long or short. If we call a thing long, we merely mean longer than something else that we take as a standard. What we take as our standard depends on what we are used to . . . All antinomies, not merely high and low, long and short, but Life and Death themselves, merge in the Taoist identity of opposites. The type of the Sage who in true Taoist manner "disappeared" after Achieving Victory is Fan Li (fifth century BC) who, although offered half the kingdom if he would return in triumph with the victorious armies of Yue, "stepped into a light boat and was heard of no more."
 
 
 
The poet Su Dongpo (1037-1101):
 
Truest words
 
Cannot be spoken.
 
Truest sound
 
Cannot be heard.
 
The tides of the Ocean
 
Reach beyond the Mountains,
 
The subtlest echoes
 
Are deep in the clouds.
 
3
 
Non-Action
 
Not to Honor the Worthy
 
Puts an end to Contending
 
Among the folk.
 
Not to Prize Rare Goods
 
Puts an end to Theft
 
Among the folk.
 
Not to Display Objects of Desire
 
Removes Chaos
 
From the Heart-and-Mind
 
Of the folk.
 
The Taoist rules by
 
Emptying Heart-and-Mind
 
And Filling Belly,
 
By softening the Will to Achieve,
 
And strengthening Bones.
 
The Taoist frees the folk
 
From False Knowledge and Desire.
 
Those with False Knowledge
 
No longer dare to Act.
 
The Taoist Accomplishes
 
Through Non-Action,
 
And all is well Ruled.
 
 
 
 
The River Master
 
The Worthy are those who have Achieved High Rank, and have as a consequence become estranged from the Tao, by involving themselves in worldly affairs. If however they are not publicly rewarded, if they do not receive Honor and Riches, then ordinary folk are not driven by ambition to emulate them and strive for Fame and Glory. Instead they can Return to the Calm of their True Nature. If Rare Goods are not prized in public, then ordinary folk will not be driven by Greed to Acquire them. If the Ruler returns gold to the mountains, casts pearls and precious pieces of jade back into the waters of the Abyss, if the Ruler is pure and uncorrupted, then the common folk will not feel Greed. The Taoist Rules the Nation as if it were Self, emptying Heart-and-Mind of Desire, and the folk Eschew Chaos and Confusion. The Taoist Fills Belly with the Tao, with the One. The Human Heart-and-Mind grows Supple and Soft. The folk no longer Contend.
 
The Marrow grows full,
 
The Bones firm.
 
Free from False Knowledge
 
And Desire,
 
The folk Return
 
To Calm,
 
To Simplicity and Purity.
 
They find Peace
 
In Non-Action,
 
In the Rhythms of Nature.
 
 
 
 
Magister Liu
 
Once False Knowledge and Desire have been extinguished, once the Worthy are no longer honored and Rare Goods are no longer prized, then there is no Contending, no Theft, but instead there is Order, a full Belly, and firm Bones. When the Multitude see such things as Fame and Wealth lying beyond their grasp, they will strive to Acquire them. When rare and highly prized Objects of Desire are put on show, they will steal in order to lay their hands on them.
 
The Heart-and-Mind,
 
Free of Desire,
 
Turns inward
 
To True Knowledge,
 
To the Knowledge
 
That Knows without Knowing.
 
Then Action is Eschewed,
 
And all is Accomplished
 
Through Non-Action,
 
Through the Pure Breath-Energy
 
Of the Tao.
 
 
 
 
JM: Confucius advocated Honoring the Worthy. So did Master Mo (the "neglected rival of Confucius," advocate of Universal Love, ca. 470-ca. 391 BC). One whole section of the Book of Master Mo is entitled "Honoring the Worthy," and contrasts with this teaching of Lao-tzu:
 
This prevalence of poverty, scarcity, and chaos arises because Rulers have failed to Honor the Worthy and to employ the capable in their government. When the Worthy are numerous in the state, Order will be stable; when the Worthy are scarce, Order will be unstable. Therefore the task of the Ruler lies in multiplying the Worthy.
 
This conventional Honoring of the Worthy was a pillar of the Chinese meritocracy for centuries, and has lasted to the present day, with all of its concomitant ills-an obsession with social status, ambition, corruption, nepotism, and deadening conformity. The Taoist shuns all of this. In an important sense, Non-Action implies Anarchy.
 
 
 

Copyright © 2018 by Lao Tzu. All rights reserved. No part of this excerpt may be reproduced or reprinted without permission in writing from the publisher.

Author

Lao Tzu, whose name means "Old Master," was a contemporary of Confucius in the sixth century B.C.E. and the founder of the philosophical tradition of Taoism. View titles by Lao Tzu

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    Pride and Prejudice
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Jane Austen, Ruben Toledo
    978-0-14-310542-8
    $18.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Aug 25, 2009
  • Wuthering Heights
    Wuthering Heights
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Emily Bronte, Ruben Toledo
    978-0-14-310543-5
    $18.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Aug 25, 2009
  • The Scarlet Letter
    The Scarlet Letter
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Nathaniel Hawthorne, Ruben Toledo
    978-0-14-310544-2
    $17.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Aug 25, 2009
  • The Short Novels of John Steinbeck
    The Short Novels of John Steinbeck
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    John Steinbeck
    978-0-14-310577-0
    $33.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Jul 08, 2009
  • The Art of War
    The Art of War
    The Essential Translation of the Classic Book of Life
    Sun-tzu
    978-0-14-310575-6
    $15.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Apr 28, 2009
  • Rashomon and Seventeen Other Stories
    Rashomon and Seventeen Other Stories
    Ryunosuke Akutagawa
    978-0-14-044970-9
    $17.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Mar 03, 2009
  • War and Peace
    War and Peace
    Leo Tolstoy
    978-0-14-044793-4
    $20.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Feb 24, 2009
  • Candide
    Candide
    Or Optimism
    Francois Voltaire
    978-0-14-045510-6
    $13.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Feb 24, 2009
  • The Acts of King Arthur and His Noble Knights
    The Acts of King Arthur and His Noble Knights
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    John Steinbeck
    978-0-14-310545-9
    $20.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Dec 30, 2008
  • Lady Chatterley's Lover
    Lady Chatterley's Lover
    Cambridge Lawrence Edition
    D. H. Lawrence
    978-0-14-144149-8
    $14.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Nov 25, 2008
  • The Stone Diaries
    The Stone Diaries
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Carol Shields
    978-0-14-310550-3
    $18.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Sep 30, 2008
  • On the Road: the Original Scroll
    On the Road: the Original Scroll
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Jack Kerouac
    978-0-14-310546-6
    $18.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Aug 26, 2008
  • Metamorphosis and Other Stories
    Metamorphosis and Other Stories
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Franz Kafka
    978-0-14-310524-4
    $17.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Feb 26, 2008
  • Frankenstein
    Frankenstein
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Mary Shelley, Daniel Clowes
    978-0-14-310503-9
    $17.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Sep 25, 2007
  • The Three Musketeers
    The Three Musketeers
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Alexandre Dumas, Tom Gauld
    978-0-14-310500-8
    $21.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Aug 28, 2007
  • The Tibetan Book of the Dead
    The Tibetan Book of the Dead
    First Complete Translation (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    978-0-14-310494-0
    $25.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Jan 30, 2007
  • Twenty Love Poems and a Song of Despair
    Twenty Love Poems and a Song of Despair
    Dual-Language Edition
    Pablo Neruda
    978-0-14-303996-9
    $14.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Dec 26, 2006
  • Ceremony
    Ceremony
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Leslie Marmon Silko
    978-0-14-310491-9
    $18.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Dec 26, 2006
  • To the Lighthouse
    To the Lighthouse
    Virginia Woolf
    978-0-14-313757-3
    $28.00 US
    Hardcover
    Penguin Classics
    Feb 07, 2023
  • The Custom of the Country
    The Custom of the Country
    Edith Wharton
    978-0-14-313720-7
    $28.00 US
    Hardcover
    Penguin Classics
    Nov 15, 2022
  • Monkey King
    Monkey King
    Journey to the West (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Wu Cheng'en
    978-0-14-313630-9
    $18.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    May 10, 2022
  • The Sun Also Rises
    The Sun Also Rises
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Ernest Hemingway
    978-0-14-313677-4
    $18.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Jan 04, 2022
  • The Great Gatsby
    The Great Gatsby
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    F. Scott Fitzgerald
    978-0-14-313612-5
    $18.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Jan 05, 2021
  • Mrs. Dalloway
    Mrs. Dalloway
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Virginia Woolf
    978-0-14-313613-2
    $16.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Jan 05, 2021
  • Anne of Green Gables
    Anne of Green Gables
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    L. M. Montgomery
    978-0-14-313185-4
    $19.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Nov 14, 2017
  • The Wonderful O
    The Wonderful O
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    James Thurber, Marc Simont
    978-0-14-313042-0
    $20.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Jun 06, 2017
  • The African Trilogy
    The African Trilogy
    Things Fall Apart; Arrow of God; No Longer at Ease
    Chinua Achebe
    978-0-14-313134-2
    $25.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    May 02, 2017
  • Presence: Collected Stories
    Presence: Collected Stories
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Arthur Miller
    978-0-14-310847-4
    $25.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Nov 22, 2016
  • Collected Essays
    Collected Essays
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Arthur Miller
    978-0-14-310849-8
    $35.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Nov 22, 2016
  • Lord of the Flies
    Lord of the Flies
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    William Golding
    978-0-14-312940-0
    $17.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Nov 15, 2016
  • The Call of Cthulhu and Other Weird Stories
    The Call of Cthulhu and Other Weird Stories
    (Penguin Orange Collection)
    H. P. Lovecraft
    978-0-14-312945-5
    $18.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Oct 18, 2016
  • One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest
    One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest
    (Penguin Orange Collection)
    Ken Kesey
    978-0-14-312951-6
    $17.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Oct 18, 2016
  • The Haunting of Hill House
    The Haunting of Hill House
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Shirley Jackson
    978-0-14-312937-0
    $18.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Sep 27, 2016
  • The 13 Clocks
    The 13 Clocks
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    James Thurber, Marc Simont
    978-0-14-311014-9
    $16.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Aug 02, 2016
  • Storm of Steel
    Storm of Steel
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Ernst Junger, Neil Gower
    978-0-14-310825-2
    $19.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    May 31, 2016
  • A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
    A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
    Centennial Edition (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    James Joyce, Roman Muradov
    978-0-14-310824-5
    $18.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    May 24, 2016
  • The Master and Margarita
    The Master and Margarita
    50th-Anniversary Edition (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Mikhail Bulgakov, Christopher Conn Askew
    978-0-14-310827-6
    $18.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    May 03, 2016
  • I Ching
    I Ching
    The Essential Translation of the Ancient Chinese Oracle and Book of Wisdom (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    978-0-14-310692-0
    $30.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Dec 01, 2015
  • Sherlock Holmes: The Novels
    Sherlock Holmes: The Novels
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Sir Arthur Conan Doyle
    978-0-14-310713-2
    $25.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Nov 24, 2015
  • Middlemarch
    Middlemarch
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    George Eliot
    978-0-14-310772-9
    $18.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Nov 17, 2015
  • The Liars' Club
    The Liars' Club
    A Memoir (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Mary Karr, Brian Rea
    978-0-14-310779-8
    $18.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Nov 10, 2015
  • The Penguin Arthur Miller
    The Penguin Arthur Miller
    Collected Plays (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Arthur Miller
    978-0-14-310777-4
    $35.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Oct 13, 2015
  • Emma
    Emma
    200th-Anniversary Annotated Edition (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Jane Austen
    978-0-14-310771-2
    $17.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Sep 29, 2015
  • The Road Not Taken and Other Poems
    The Road Not Taken and Other Poems
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Robert Frost
    978-0-14-310739-2
    $16.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Aug 18, 2015
  • Crime and Punishment
    Crime and Punishment
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Zohar Lazar
    978-0-14-310763-7
    $20.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Jul 14, 2015
  • Alice's Adventures in Wonderland and Through the Looking-Glass
    Alice's Adventures in Wonderland and Through the Looking-Glass
    150th-Anniversary Edition (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Lewis Carroll, John Tenniel
    978-0-14-310762-0
    $16.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Jul 07, 2015
  • The Bloody Chamber
    The Bloody Chamber
    And Other Stories: 75th-Anniversary Edition (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Angela Carter
    978-0-14-310761-3
    $17.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    May 26, 2015
  • The Histories
    The Histories
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Herodotus
    978-0-14-310754-5
    $25.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    May 19, 2015
  • Herzog
    Herzog
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Saul Bellow
    978-0-14-310767-5
    $18.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    May 12, 2015
  • Les Miserables
    Les Miserables
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Victor Hugo, Jillian Tamaki
    978-0-14-310756-9
    $25.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Feb 24, 2015
  • Dubliners
    Dubliners
    Centennial Edition (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    James Joyce, Roman Muradov
    978-0-14-310745-3
    $18.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    May 27, 2014
  • Fairy Tales from the Brothers Grimm
    Fairy Tales from the Brothers Grimm
    A New English Version (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    978-0-14-310729-3
    $20.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Oct 29, 2013
  • Fear of Flying
    Fear of Flying
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Erica Jong, Noma Bar
    978-0-14-310735-4
    $18.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Sep 24, 2013
  • Faces of Love
    Faces of Love
    Hafez and the Poets of Shiraz (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Jahan Malek Khatun, Obayd-e Zakani, Hafez
    978-0-14-310728-6
    $20.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Aug 27, 2013
  • Appointment in Samarra
    Appointment in Samarra
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    John O'Hara, Neil Gower
    978-0-14-310707-1
    $17.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Apr 30, 2013
  • The Collected Poems
    The Collected Poems
    A Dual-Language Edition with Parallel Text (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Marcel Proust
    978-0-14-310690-6
    $30.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Mar 26, 2013
  • The Divine Comedy
    The Divine Comedy
    Inferno, Purgatorio, Paradiso (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Dante Alighieri, Eric Drooker
    978-0-14-310719-4
    $28.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Feb 26, 2013
  • The Book of Common Prayer
    The Book of Common Prayer
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    978-0-14-310656-2
    $22.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Oct 30, 2012
  • The Death of King Arthur
    The Death of King Arthur
    The Immortal Legend (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Thomas Malory, Stuart Kolakovic
    978-0-14-310695-1
    $18.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Oct 30, 2012
  • Travels with Charley in Search of America
    Travels with Charley in Search of America
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    John Steinbeck
    978-0-14-310700-2
    $17.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Oct 02, 2012
  • Heart of Darkness
    Heart of Darkness
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Joseph Conrad, Mike Mignola
    978-0-14-310658-6
    $15.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Aug 28, 2012
  • The Wizard of Oz
    The Wizard of Oz
    And Other Wonderful Books of Oz: The Emerald City of Oz and Glinda of Oz (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    L. Frank Baum, Rachell Sumpter
    978-0-14-310663-0
    $17.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Apr 24, 2012
  • The Wind in the Willows
    The Wind in the Willows
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Kenneth Grahame, Rachell Sumpter
    978-0-14-310664-7
    $18.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Apr 24, 2012
  • Little Women
    Little Women
    150th-Anniversary Annotated Edition (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Louisa May Alcott
    978-0-14-310665-4
    $16.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Apr 24, 2012
  • The Greek Myths
    The Greek Myths
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Robert Graves, Ross Macdonald
    978-0-14-310671-5
    $27.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Apr 24, 2012
  • Three Novels of New York
    Three Novels of New York
    The House of Mirth, The Custom of the Country, The Age of Innocence (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Edith Wharton, Richard Gray
    978-0-14-310655-5
    $25.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Feb 29, 2012
  • Titanic, First Accounts
    Titanic, First Accounts
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Various
    978-0-14-310662-3
    $18.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Feb 28, 2012
  • Kama Sutra
    Kama Sutra
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Vatsyayana, Malika Favre
    978-0-14-310659-3
    $18.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Jan 31, 2012
  • The Secret Garden
    The Secret Garden
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Frances Hodgson Burnett, Jillian Tamaki
    978-0-14-310645-6
    $18.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Oct 25, 2011
  • Black Beauty
    Black Beauty
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Anna Sewell, Jillian Tamaki
    978-0-14-310647-0
    $18.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Oct 25, 2011
  • Sense and Sensibility
    Sense and Sensibility
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Jane Austen
    978-0-14-310652-4
    $17.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Oct 25, 2011
  • Emma
    Emma
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Jane Austen, Jillian Tamaki
    978-1-101-65958-8
    $13.99 US
    Ebook
    Penguin Classics
    Oct 25, 2011
  • Madame Bovary
    Madame Bovary
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Gustave Flaubert
    978-0-14-310649-4
    $17.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Oct 04, 2011
  • Charlie and the Chocolate Factory
    Charlie and the Chocolate Factory
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Roald Dahl, Ivan Brunetti, Joseph Schindelman
    978-0-14-310633-3
    $17.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Aug 30, 2011
  • James and the Giant Peach
    James and the Giant Peach
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Roald Dahl, Jordan Crane, Nancy Ekholm Burkert
    978-0-14-310634-0
    $16.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Aug 30, 2011
  • Persuasion
    Persuasion
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Jane Austen
    978-0-14-310628-9
    $17.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Jun 28, 2011
  • The Communist Manifesto
    The Communist Manifesto
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels, Killoffer
    978-0-14-310626-5
    $15.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Mar 01, 2011
  • Great Expectations
    Great Expectations
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Charles Dickens, Tom Haugomat
    978-0-14-310627-2
    $16.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Dec 28, 2010
  • The Aeneid
    The Aeneid
    Virgil
    978-0-14-310629-6
    $18.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Dec 28, 2010
  • Jane Eyre
    Jane Eyre
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Charlotte Bronte, Ruben Toledo
    978-0-14-310615-9
    $18.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Nov 30, 2010
  • Dracula
    Dracula
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Bram Stoker, Ruben Toledo
    978-0-14-310616-6
    $17.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Nov 30, 2010
  • The Canterbury Tales
    The Canterbury Tales
    A Retelling by Peter Ackroyd (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Geoffrey Chaucer, Ted Stearn
    978-0-14-310617-3
    $22.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Nov 02, 2010
  • Keith Haring Journals
    Keith Haring Journals
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Keith Haring
    978-0-14-310597-8
    $21.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Jan 26, 2010
  • The Bronte Sisters
    The Bronte Sisters
    Three Novels: Jane Eyre; Wuthering Heights; and Agnes Grey (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Anne Bronte, Charlotte Bronte, Emily Bronte
    978-0-14-310583-1
    $25.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Dec 29, 2009
  • White Noise
    White Noise
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Don DeLillo
    978-0-14-310598-5
    $18.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Dec 29, 2009
  • The Prince
    The Prince
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Niccolo Machiavelli
    978-0-14-310586-2
    $16.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Nov 24, 2009
  • The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
    The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Mark Twain, Lilli Carre
    978-0-14-310594-7
    $18.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Oct 27, 2009
  • Moby-Dick
    Moby-Dick
    or, The Whale (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Herman Melville, Tony Millionaire
    978-0-14-310595-4
    $20.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Oct 27, 2009
  • Revolutionary Suicide
    Revolutionary Suicide
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Huey P. Newton, Ho Che Anderson
    978-0-14-310532-9
    $18.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Sep 29, 2009
  • The Qur'an
    The Qur'an
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    978-0-14-310588-6
    $23.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Sep 29, 2009
  • Pride and Prejudice
    Pride and Prejudice
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Jane Austen, Ruben Toledo
    978-0-14-310542-8
    $18.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Aug 25, 2009
  • Wuthering Heights
    Wuthering Heights
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Emily Bronte, Ruben Toledo
    978-0-14-310543-5
    $18.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Aug 25, 2009
  • The Scarlet Letter
    The Scarlet Letter
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Nathaniel Hawthorne, Ruben Toledo
    978-0-14-310544-2
    $17.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Aug 25, 2009
  • The Short Novels of John Steinbeck
    The Short Novels of John Steinbeck
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    John Steinbeck
    978-0-14-310577-0
    $33.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Jul 08, 2009
  • The Art of War
    The Art of War
    The Essential Translation of the Classic Book of Life
    Sun-tzu
    978-0-14-310575-6
    $15.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Apr 28, 2009
  • Rashomon and Seventeen Other Stories
    Rashomon and Seventeen Other Stories
    Ryunosuke Akutagawa
    978-0-14-044970-9
    $17.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Mar 03, 2009
  • War and Peace
    War and Peace
    Leo Tolstoy
    978-0-14-044793-4
    $20.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Feb 24, 2009
  • Candide
    Candide
    Or Optimism
    Francois Voltaire
    978-0-14-045510-6
    $13.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Feb 24, 2009
  • The Acts of King Arthur and His Noble Knights
    The Acts of King Arthur and His Noble Knights
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    John Steinbeck
    978-0-14-310545-9
    $20.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Dec 30, 2008
  • Lady Chatterley's Lover
    Lady Chatterley's Lover
    Cambridge Lawrence Edition
    D. H. Lawrence
    978-0-14-144149-8
    $14.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Nov 25, 2008
  • The Stone Diaries
    The Stone Diaries
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Carol Shields
    978-0-14-310550-3
    $18.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Sep 30, 2008
  • On the Road: the Original Scroll
    On the Road: the Original Scroll
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    Jack Kerouac
    978-0-14-310546-6
    $18.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Aug 26, 2008
  • Metamorphosis and Other Stories
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    Franz Kafka
    978-0-14-310524-4
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    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Feb 26, 2008
  • Frankenstein
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    978-0-14-310503-9
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    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Sep 25, 2007
  • The Three Musketeers
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    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Alexandre Dumas, Tom Gauld
    978-0-14-310500-8
    $21.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Aug 28, 2007
  • The Tibetan Book of the Dead
    The Tibetan Book of the Dead
    First Complete Translation (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    978-0-14-310494-0
    $25.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Jan 30, 2007
  • Twenty Love Poems and a Song of Despair
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    Dual-Language Edition
    Pablo Neruda
    978-0-14-303996-9
    $14.00 US
    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Dec 26, 2006
  • Ceremony
    Ceremony
    (Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition)
    Leslie Marmon Silko
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    Paperback
    Penguin Classics
    Dec 26, 2006

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  • Tao Te Ching
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    The New Translation from Tao Te Ching: The Definitive Edition
    Lao Tzu
    978-1-58542-618-8
    $12.00 US
    Paperback
    TarcherPerigee
    Jan 10, 2008
  • Tao Te Ching
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    978-0-451-53040-0
    $7.95 US
    Mass Market Paperback
    Signet
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  • Tao Te Ching
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    Introduction by Sarah Allan
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    $22.00 US
    Hardcover
    Everyman's Library
    Oct 18, 1994
  • Tao Te Ching
    Tao Te Ching
    The Classic Book of Integrity and The Way
    Victor H. Mair, Lao Tzu
    978-0-553-34935-1
    $17.00 US
    Paperback
    Bantam
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    Tao Te Ching
    Lao Tzu
    978-0-14-044131-4
    $13.00 US
    Paperback
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