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Unbound

Transgender Men and the Remaking of Identity

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Unbound is an intimate portrait of a new generation of transmasculine individuals as they undergo gender transitions.

Award-winning sociologist Arlene Stein takes us into the lives of four strangers who find themselves together in a sun-drenched surgeon’s office, having traveled to Florida from across the United States in order to masculinize their chests. Ben, Lucas, Parker, and Nadia wish to feel more comfortable in their bodies; three of them are also taking testosterone so that others recognize them as male. Following them over the course of a year, Stein shows how members of this young transgender generation, along with other gender dissidents, are refashioning their identities and challenging others’ conceptions of who they are. During a time of conservative resurgence, they do so despite great personal costs. 

Transgender men comprise a large, growing proportion of the trans population, yet they remain largely invisible. In this powerful, timely, and eye-opening account, Stein draws from dozens of interviews with transgender people and their friends and families, as well as with activists and medical and psychological experts. Unbound documents the varied ways younger trans men see themselves and how they are changing our understanding of what it means to be male and female in America.
 
“Earnest, diligent and defiantly optimistic. . . . What gives this book its real heat—is more personal; it’s the challenge posed to [Stein’s] own cherished beliefs.” —Parul Sehgal, The New York Times
 
“Arlene Stein brings insight, wit, and generosity to this perceptive analysis of the dazzling shifts in how we imagine, and live out, gender today. Unbound will surprise readers who thought they had this figured out decades ago.” —Janice Irvine, Professor of Sociology, University of Massachusetts

“Sensitive. . . . A much needed primer for those who are puzzled by contemporary discussions about gender.” —The New Yorker

“Moves beyond the popular fixation on bathroom politics to explore individual lives.” —The Washington Post

In Unbound: Transgender Men and the Remaking of Identity, Arlene Stein provides a thorough,engaging, and easily accessible analysis of contemporary gender scholarship and the lived experiences of three transgender men and one ‘gender bender’. . . . Unbound is a wonderful read that would be ideal as a centerpiece for organizing an introductory-level undergraduate course on gender and sexuality.” —Piper Sledge, Contemporary Sociology
 
“If you’ve been trying to make sense of how gender today seems to have slipped the chains that bind it to our bodies in familiar ways, Unbound is a book for you. It’s a sympathetic account by non-transgender sociologist Arlene Stein, aimed at a primarily non-transgender audience, of four people assigned female at birth who surgically masculinize their chests. Stein helps her readers understand that they, too, no longer need be bound by conventional expectations of the meaning of our flesh.” —Susan Stryker, founding co-editor, TSQ: Transgender Studies Quarterly

“In this gripping, illuminating and clear-eyed portrait of what it means to be transmasculine in today’s America, Arlene Stein does justice to an oft-misrepresented topic. A vivid and fiercely empathetic narrative that juxtaposes nuanced portraits of these young people with a clearly articulated understanding of what it means to navigate a culture that treats gender minorities with contempt, ignorance, and violence. Unbound is a revelatory read that fills an important role in gender studies.” —Ryan Berg, author of No House to Call My Home

Unbound is a timely and critical response to the loud silence permeating the current public discourse on gender and transgender experiences, especially the lived realities of transgender men within the US. A critical and stunning work that will shift the ways gender has been politicized and imagined. Should be required reading for all.” —Darnell L. Moore, author of No Ashes in the Fire: Coming of Age Black and Free in America 
 
“Moving. . . . By allowing her subjects to speak for themselves as those selves are reinvented in various ways, Stein leaves room for productive conversations to appear.” —Harper’s Magazine
 
“For readers bewildered by how to make sense of gender today. . . . Having received rave reviews, for those wanting to learn more about transgender people, especially as their issues continue to make news, Unbound serves as a useful primer.” —The Bay Area Reporter

“Stein tracks the rapid evolution of gender identity in this provocative group portrait of trans men. . . . Her book succeeds in documenting what it means to be trans today.” —Publishers Weekly

“A new sociological study on transgender individuals and their experience transitioning. This significant book provides medical, sociological, and psychological information that can only serve to educate those lacking understanding and awareness of an entire community of individuals who deserve representation. A stellar exploration of the complexities and limitations of gender.” —Kirkus Reviews (starred review)

“A book written by a sociologist who writes like a novelist. It’s a rare nonfiction page-turner and an important book.” —Rebecca Makkai, Conde Nast Traveler
In current parlance, I am “cisgender,” which means I do not identify as transgender. (The prefix “trans” is Latin for “on the other side,” and “cis” in Latin means “on the same side.”) That is, I experience my assigned sex and gender as congruent, at least to the degree that it has not become a major challenge in my life. When I was a kid growing up, I remember thinking that it would be cool to be a boy. Since I am now middle-aged, I can remember a time when girls were compelled to wear dresses to school, abortion was illegal, and team sports were something that boys, and not girls, could participate in. Boys got to play with electric trains, which I lusted after but my parents refused to give me—they were “boys’ toys.” Men didn’t have to go through the pain of childbirth, and they fronted the best rock-and-roll bands. Why wouldn’t one dream of being a man?
 
For me, identifying as a feminist and a lesbian enables me to express my femaleness in ways that seem true enough. But over the years I learned that there are others who feel that they were assigned a gender at birth that seems inauthentic and wrong—so much so that many seek out body modifications to bring their bodies into alignment with their selves. A number of years ago, I noticed a young man working in my campus bookstore who seemed vaguely familiar to me. I stared at him for several moments out of the corner of my eye, racking my brain to figure out how I knew him, while trying my best not to attract his attention. Suddenly, I realized that he had once been a student of mine, and that I knew him as female, but now he had peach fuzz on his face, a deep voice, and was all but indistinguishable from the other young men who worked alongside him selling camera equipment. But I was so ill-equipped to figure out how to respond that I pretended not to recognize him, and he did the same.
 
And then in February 2013, Kate, an artist friend of mine, accompanied a close friend of hers who was undergoing top surgery—chest masculinization—in Florida. “You would not believe the numbers of people there,” she told me, describing the long line of individuals, mainly in their twenties, who were waiting in the surgeon’s office. South Florida was once known for a Spring Break scene that drew legions of college students eager for hot fun in the sun—a scene immortalized by the 1960 comedy Where the Boys Are. Today it is also where the “bois”—young, female-assigned people, who identify as masculine, some of whom undergo gender transitions—go to masculinize their chests.
 
The scene at the doctor’s office surprised Kate. “There were people from everywhere you could imagine, and many of them were very young,” she told me in her soft Texas drawl. “Some even brought their parents!” In a nearby gated community, a guesthouse had been established to accommodate the steady flow of patients who needed a place to stay while they recovered from surgery. My curiosity was piqued when, a few months later, I happened to hear about another friend whose nephew also underwent “top surgery” in South Florida, and then I saw a mention of the same doctor in a magazine. Why were so many people flocking to Florida to modify their chests? What were they seeking? What did they find? More broadly, what does it mean that more and more female-assigned individuals are choosing to masculinize their bodies today? What might it tell us about how our notions of gender are changing more generally?
 
Sociologists, or at least my breed of sociologist, try to get as close to a subject as they possibly can, immersing themselves in it. That’s how I met Ben. I came across the crowdfunding website he had set up and I e-mailed him. He quickly agreed to let me tag along during his surgery week. So I booked my room and plane ticket and traveled down to Florida from my home in New Jersey to meet him—and, as it turned out, his parents too.
 
At Dr. Garramone’s office, I also met the four others who were scheduled for surgery the same day as Ben. Three of them were good enough to agree to speak with me: Lucas DeMonte, a twenty-three-year-old health outreach worker from Gainesville, Florida; Parker Price, a twenty-four-year-old software sales manager from Austin, Texas; and Nadia Khoury, a twenty-eight-year-old employ­ment counselor from St. Louis, Missouri. Lucas, Parker, and Nadia, along with Ben, are the subjects of this book. They have allowed me to interview them and their friends and family, and over the next year, they permitted me to follow them at regular intervals, spoke with me over the phone and Skype, and even welcomed me into their homes on occasion. As I got to know them over the course of the next year, I came to better understand the lives and choices of a younger generation of gender dissidents. You can learn a lot about people by listening to their stories.
ARLENE STEIN is a professor of sociology at Rutgers University and director of the Institute for Research on Women. The author of six books, she received the Ruth Benedict Prize for her book The Stranger Next Door. Stein has written for The Nation, Jacobin, and The New Inquiry, among other publications. She lives in New Jersey. View titles by Arlene Stein

About

Unbound is an intimate portrait of a new generation of transmasculine individuals as they undergo gender transitions.

Award-winning sociologist Arlene Stein takes us into the lives of four strangers who find themselves together in a sun-drenched surgeon’s office, having traveled to Florida from across the United States in order to masculinize their chests. Ben, Lucas, Parker, and Nadia wish to feel more comfortable in their bodies; three of them are also taking testosterone so that others recognize them as male. Following them over the course of a year, Stein shows how members of this young transgender generation, along with other gender dissidents, are refashioning their identities and challenging others’ conceptions of who they are. During a time of conservative resurgence, they do so despite great personal costs. 

Transgender men comprise a large, growing proportion of the trans population, yet they remain largely invisible. In this powerful, timely, and eye-opening account, Stein draws from dozens of interviews with transgender people and their friends and families, as well as with activists and medical and psychological experts. Unbound documents the varied ways younger trans men see themselves and how they are changing our understanding of what it means to be male and female in America.
 
“Earnest, diligent and defiantly optimistic. . . . What gives this book its real heat—is more personal; it’s the challenge posed to [Stein’s] own cherished beliefs.” —Parul Sehgal, The New York Times
 
“Arlene Stein brings insight, wit, and generosity to this perceptive analysis of the dazzling shifts in how we imagine, and live out, gender today. Unbound will surprise readers who thought they had this figured out decades ago.” —Janice Irvine, Professor of Sociology, University of Massachusetts

“Sensitive. . . . A much needed primer for those who are puzzled by contemporary discussions about gender.” —The New Yorker

“Moves beyond the popular fixation on bathroom politics to explore individual lives.” —The Washington Post

In Unbound: Transgender Men and the Remaking of Identity, Arlene Stein provides a thorough,engaging, and easily accessible analysis of contemporary gender scholarship and the lived experiences of three transgender men and one ‘gender bender’. . . . Unbound is a wonderful read that would be ideal as a centerpiece for organizing an introductory-level undergraduate course on gender and sexuality.” —Piper Sledge, Contemporary Sociology
 
“If you’ve been trying to make sense of how gender today seems to have slipped the chains that bind it to our bodies in familiar ways, Unbound is a book for you. It’s a sympathetic account by non-transgender sociologist Arlene Stein, aimed at a primarily non-transgender audience, of four people assigned female at birth who surgically masculinize their chests. Stein helps her readers understand that they, too, no longer need be bound by conventional expectations of the meaning of our flesh.” —Susan Stryker, founding co-editor, TSQ: Transgender Studies Quarterly

“In this gripping, illuminating and clear-eyed portrait of what it means to be transmasculine in today’s America, Arlene Stein does justice to an oft-misrepresented topic. A vivid and fiercely empathetic narrative that juxtaposes nuanced portraits of these young people with a clearly articulated understanding of what it means to navigate a culture that treats gender minorities with contempt, ignorance, and violence. Unbound is a revelatory read that fills an important role in gender studies.” —Ryan Berg, author of No House to Call My Home

Unbound is a timely and critical response to the loud silence permeating the current public discourse on gender and transgender experiences, especially the lived realities of transgender men within the US. A critical and stunning work that will shift the ways gender has been politicized and imagined. Should be required reading for all.” —Darnell L. Moore, author of No Ashes in the Fire: Coming of Age Black and Free in America 
 
“Moving. . . . By allowing her subjects to speak for themselves as those selves are reinvented in various ways, Stein leaves room for productive conversations to appear.” —Harper’s Magazine
 
“For readers bewildered by how to make sense of gender today. . . . Having received rave reviews, for those wanting to learn more about transgender people, especially as their issues continue to make news, Unbound serves as a useful primer.” —The Bay Area Reporter

“Stein tracks the rapid evolution of gender identity in this provocative group portrait of trans men. . . . Her book succeeds in documenting what it means to be trans today.” —Publishers Weekly

“A new sociological study on transgender individuals and their experience transitioning. This significant book provides medical, sociological, and psychological information that can only serve to educate those lacking understanding and awareness of an entire community of individuals who deserve representation. A stellar exploration of the complexities and limitations of gender.” —Kirkus Reviews (starred review)

“A book written by a sociologist who writes like a novelist. It’s a rare nonfiction page-turner and an important book.” —Rebecca Makkai, Conde Nast Traveler

Excerpt

In current parlance, I am “cisgender,” which means I do not identify as transgender. (The prefix “trans” is Latin for “on the other side,” and “cis” in Latin means “on the same side.”) That is, I experience my assigned sex and gender as congruent, at least to the degree that it has not become a major challenge in my life. When I was a kid growing up, I remember thinking that it would be cool to be a boy. Since I am now middle-aged, I can remember a time when girls were compelled to wear dresses to school, abortion was illegal, and team sports were something that boys, and not girls, could participate in. Boys got to play with electric trains, which I lusted after but my parents refused to give me—they were “boys’ toys.” Men didn’t have to go through the pain of childbirth, and they fronted the best rock-and-roll bands. Why wouldn’t one dream of being a man?
 
For me, identifying as a feminist and a lesbian enables me to express my femaleness in ways that seem true enough. But over the years I learned that there are others who feel that they were assigned a gender at birth that seems inauthentic and wrong—so much so that many seek out body modifications to bring their bodies into alignment with their selves. A number of years ago, I noticed a young man working in my campus bookstore who seemed vaguely familiar to me. I stared at him for several moments out of the corner of my eye, racking my brain to figure out how I knew him, while trying my best not to attract his attention. Suddenly, I realized that he had once been a student of mine, and that I knew him as female, but now he had peach fuzz on his face, a deep voice, and was all but indistinguishable from the other young men who worked alongside him selling camera equipment. But I was so ill-equipped to figure out how to respond that I pretended not to recognize him, and he did the same.
 
And then in February 2013, Kate, an artist friend of mine, accompanied a close friend of hers who was undergoing top surgery—chest masculinization—in Florida. “You would not believe the numbers of people there,” she told me, describing the long line of individuals, mainly in their twenties, who were waiting in the surgeon’s office. South Florida was once known for a Spring Break scene that drew legions of college students eager for hot fun in the sun—a scene immortalized by the 1960 comedy Where the Boys Are. Today it is also where the “bois”—young, female-assigned people, who identify as masculine, some of whom undergo gender transitions—go to masculinize their chests.
 
The scene at the doctor’s office surprised Kate. “There were people from everywhere you could imagine, and many of them were very young,” she told me in her soft Texas drawl. “Some even brought their parents!” In a nearby gated community, a guesthouse had been established to accommodate the steady flow of patients who needed a place to stay while they recovered from surgery. My curiosity was piqued when, a few months later, I happened to hear about another friend whose nephew also underwent “top surgery” in South Florida, and then I saw a mention of the same doctor in a magazine. Why were so many people flocking to Florida to modify their chests? What were they seeking? What did they find? More broadly, what does it mean that more and more female-assigned individuals are choosing to masculinize their bodies today? What might it tell us about how our notions of gender are changing more generally?
 
Sociologists, or at least my breed of sociologist, try to get as close to a subject as they possibly can, immersing themselves in it. That’s how I met Ben. I came across the crowdfunding website he had set up and I e-mailed him. He quickly agreed to let me tag along during his surgery week. So I booked my room and plane ticket and traveled down to Florida from my home in New Jersey to meet him—and, as it turned out, his parents too.
 
At Dr. Garramone’s office, I also met the four others who were scheduled for surgery the same day as Ben. Three of them were good enough to agree to speak with me: Lucas DeMonte, a twenty-three-year-old health outreach worker from Gainesville, Florida; Parker Price, a twenty-four-year-old software sales manager from Austin, Texas; and Nadia Khoury, a twenty-eight-year-old employ­ment counselor from St. Louis, Missouri. Lucas, Parker, and Nadia, along with Ben, are the subjects of this book. They have allowed me to interview them and their friends and family, and over the next year, they permitted me to follow them at regular intervals, spoke with me over the phone and Skype, and even welcomed me into their homes on occasion. As I got to know them over the course of the next year, I came to better understand the lives and choices of a younger generation of gender dissidents. You can learn a lot about people by listening to their stories.

Author

ARLENE STEIN is a professor of sociology at Rutgers University and director of the Institute for Research on Women. The author of six books, she received the Ruth Benedict Prize for her book The Stranger Next Door. Stein has written for The Nation, Jacobin, and The New Inquiry, among other publications. She lives in New Jersey. View titles by Arlene Stein

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